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Why hydropower is failing this nation — and could fail others

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By illuminem briefings

· 2 min read


illuminem summarizes for you the essential news of the day. Read the full piece on The Washington Post or enjoy below:

🗞️ Driving the news: Zambia’s reliance on hydropower has been devastated by prolonged droughts linked to climate change, reducing water levels at the Kariba Dam — the country’s primary energy source — to critical lows
Frequent power outages are crippling daily life and business operations, forcing many to turn to charcoal and coal for energy
This shift undermines Zambia’s green ambitions, increases deforestation, and exacerbates climate challenges

🔭 The context: Hydropower supplies nearly all of Zambia’s electricity, but low rainfall and increasing evaporation rates have reduced output to just 10% of the Kariba plant’s capacity
This crisis mirrors global trends, as 26% of hydropower plants face medium to high water scarcity risks, projected to rise to 32% by 2050
In response, Zambia has resorted to diesel generators and coal expansion, reversing its green energy progress

🌍 Why it matters for the planet: The crisis highlights the vulnerability of hydropower to climate change, jeopardizing global clean energy goals and pushing nations toward fossil fuels
Zambia’s growing reliance on charcoal is driving deforestation, further reducing its carbon absorption capacity
The situation exemplifies the complex trade-offs developing nations face between immediate survival and long-term sustainability

⏭️ What's next: Zambia aims to diversify energy sources by expanding coal, rushing diesel generators, and pursuing solar projects
However, without affordable alternatives, deforestation and fossil fuel reliance are expected to worsen
The country urgently needs international support to transition toward resilient renewable solutions while addressing its growing population's energy needs

💬 One quote: “Without the rainfall, this infrastructure becomes a white elephant,” — Cephas Museba, Kariba Dam plant manager

📈 One stat: Hydropower, which provides 50% of global clean energy, experienced a record decline in output last year due to extreme droughts

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