· 5 min read
The public conversation around carbon removal is often framed in terms of cost and complexity. It is portrayed as a burden, a necessary evil for dealing with residual emissions once companies have exhausted internal decarbonization.
But this framing misses the bigger picture. Carbon removal is not just a box to tick at the end of a net-zero roadmap. It is a strategic investment in the infrastructure of a functioning climate future. Forward-looking companies should start treating it that way.
CDR is more than a last-mile decarbonization tool
The traditional view positions carbon removal (CDR) as a “last-mile” measure, something to address the final 5-10% of emissions. While that is true, it is only part of the story.
Early CDR investment enables companies to:
• Contribute beyond their value chain by funding solutions that benefit the entire economy
• Support climate-critical innovation in technologies like direct air capture (DAC), biochar, or enhanced weathering
• Secure access to a scarce resource, since high-quality removals will be limited and in high demand
A market ready to scale if we act now
The numbers are stark. Today, less than 2 million tons of CO₂ are removed annually worldwide, a rounding error compared to global emissions. By 2050, the EU alone estimates that 450 million tons will need to be removed every year to meet its climate goals.
That scale-up cannot happen overnight. It requires years of capital investment, demand signaling, and operational learning. Companies that wait until 2040 to engage will discover that the solutions they need simply don’t exist at scale or are locked in by earlier movers.
Policy is beginning to catch up. The European Commission’s revised Climate Law proposal calls for a 90% net emissions reduction by 2040 and explicitly highlights durable carbon removal methods such as DAC and BioCCS as essential. While mechanisms are still being designed, the direction is clear: permanent removals are becoming a central pillar of Europe’s climate architecture. Companies that invest now will be positioned to shape this market rather than be subject to it.
Strategic advantages for early movers
There are clear, tangible benefits for companies that act early on carbon removal.
• Access: High-quality removals are a scarce resource. Supply today is measured in millions of tons, but future demand will run into the hundreds of millions. Companies that commit early can secure reliable volumes and ensure the quality of their credits, rather than scrambling for availability once competition intensifies
• Pricing: Like any emerging market, prices will rise as demand accelerates. Forward purchasing and long-term offtake agreements allow early movers to lock in more favorable rates, protect themselves against future price vitality, and gain predictable cost structures for climate action
• Positioning: Early adopters are not just buyers; they become standard-setters. By engaging now, companies can influence methodologies, shape transparency frameworks, and help define what “high quality” means in practice. In doing so, they set the tone for responsible climate leadership and build reputational capital that competitors will struggle to replicate later
The companies that move first will not only gain a head start in access, cost, and credibility, they will also help shape the very rules of the market they operate in and can use the experiences and insights gained along the way to ensure their net-zero path is set up for success.
Why durable CDR must be part of the mix
Nature-based solutions like reforestation are essential, but they come with limits: land-use competition, permanence risks, and measurement challenges. Durable removals such as mineralization, biochar, and direct air capture provide permanence and reliability, though they remain cost-intensive today.
History shows what happens when industries invest early. The cost of solar fell by more than 80 percent in the past decade thanks to subsidies and early adoption, and wind power followed a similar trajectory. With the right data and market insights, buyers today can distinguish between technologies where early investment unlocks long-term value and those that still face prohibitively high cost curves. Future leaders are carefully shaping their strategies, backing promising approaches, managing risks, and hedging against future price increases along the way.
What a strategic CDR approach looks like
A credible carbon removal strategy is not about buying credits blindly or betting everything on a single technology. It requires the same discipline companies apply to other core business investments.
• Build a diversified portfolio: Spreading investments across different technology types and maturity stages reduces risks while supporting innovation. A mix of near-term solutions like biochar with longer-term bets such as direct air capture ensures both immediate impact and future resilience
• Align with sector-specific profiles: A heavy-emitting industry such as steel or cement may prioritize durable removals that mirror the long-lived nature of its emissions. A services company might combine nature-based solutions with forward contacts for more permanent technologies. Tailoring the mix to the business context makes CDR more credible and defensible
• Integrate with decarbonization: Carbon removal cannot replace aggressive efforts to cut emissions at the source. It works best when positioned as a complement, closing the gap to net zero while reinforcing the company’s overall climate ambition
Conclusion: lead, rather than lag
Waiting for perfect policy signals or falling costs creates the illusion of prudence, but in reality, it deepens the problem. Delaying increases future costs significantly, limits access to the best solutions, and gives up influence over how the individual access to supply in this critical market develops.
The companies that lead on carbon removal today not only demonstrate climate action, they also actively manage procurement and cost risks, protect their net-zero strategies against future price shocks, and participate in the long-term value creation of the removal industry.
The real question is no longer whether to engage in carbon removal. It is: How deliberately and strategically will you do it?
illuminem Voices is a democratic space presenting the thoughts and opinions of leading Sustainability & Energy writers, their opinions do not necessarily represent those of illuminem.
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